S45C Lost Wax Investment Casting

Product Introduction

S45C steel is a type of carbon structural steel whose chemical composition includes 0.42%-0.48% carbon, 0.6%-0.9% manganese, ≤0.03% silicon, ≤0.035% phosphorus, and ≤0.035% sulfur.

In steel, carbon is one of the important elements, which can affect the volume and physical properties of steel. In S45C steel, the carbon content is 0.42%-0.48%, which means it is a high-carbon steel. High carbon steel has the characteristics of high hardness, high strength, and good wear resistance, but low elastic modulus and impact toughness.

It is another important element, with a content of 0.6%-0.9% in S45C steel. Germanium can improve the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of steel, while also improving corrosion resistance. The addition of manganese can also improve the machinability and welding performance of steel, reduce cutting forces, and improve cutting performance during cold working.

The content of elements such as silicon, phosphorus, and sulfur is low, and only trace amounts are present in the chemical composition. Silicon can improve the machinability and hardness of steel, but too much silicon can lead to brittleness and low strength of steel. Both phosphorus and sulfur can affect the mechanical properties and weldability of steel. If the content is too high, it will greatly reduce the toughness and impact resistance of steel.

S45C steel is fully static steel manufactured by an electric furnace, open hearth, or pure oxygen converter steelmaking method. The steel has a uniform metallographic structure and no structural defects.

The carbon content of this steel is above 0.4%, and it has excellent wear resistance, but its ductility is reduced, and it is easy to deform and crack after quenching. Therefore, heat treatment is extremely important, and it must be cooled quickly after tempering to avoid temper brittleness. The cutting performance of this type of carbon steel can be improved by spheroidizing the steel.

Characteristic

It is a medium-carbon high-quality steel with higher strength. Due to its poor hardenability, it is generally used in a normalized state. When the mechanical performance requirements are higher, quenching and tempering treatment is used. The cold deformation plasticity is medium, and the machinability of annealing and normalizing is better than that of quenching and tempering. It is used to manufacture parts with high strength requirements, such as gears, shafts, piston pins, etc., as well as machined parts, forgings, stamping parts, bolts, nuts, and pipe joints that are not subject to great stress.

Steel Number

The standard steel number of my country's GB/JB is 45 German DIN standard material number 1.0503,

French AFNOR standard steel grade CC45

French NF standard steel number C45

Italian UNI standard steel number C45

Belgian NBN standard steel number C45-1

Swedish SS standard steel number 1650

Spanish UNE standard steel number F.114

American AISI/SAE standard steel number 1045

International Organization for Standardization ISO standard steel number C45E4

Japanese JIS standard steel number S45C/S48C

British BS standard steel number IC45/080A47.

Heat Treatment

Quenching and tempering specifications: Quenching temperature is 820℃~870℃, water cooling, the tempering temperature is 550~650℃ and is quenched out of the furnace.

Mechanical properties

Tensile strength σb (MPa): ≥600 (61)

Yield strength σs (MPa): ≥355 (36)

Elongation δ5 (%): ≥16

Sectional shrinkage ψ (%): ≥40

Impact energy Akv (J): ≥39

Impact toughness value αkv (J/cm2): ≥49 (5)

Hardness: not heat treated, ≤229HB; annealed steel, ≤197HB

USE

S45C lost wax investment is widely used in machinery manufacturing and this steel has very good mechanical properties. However, this is a medium-carbon steel with poor quenching performance. No. 45 steel can be hardened to HRC42~46. Therefore, if surface hardness is required and the superior mechanical properties of 45# steel are needed, the surface of 45# steel is often carburized and quenched, so that the required surface hardness can be obtained.

Supply status hardness: 137~170HBS, 167~229HBS, 201~269HBS

Generally speaking, the chemical composition of S45C steel meets the standards of general steel, and its high carbon and manganese content gives it the characteristics of high hardness, high strength, and wear resistance. However, its disadvantage is that it is easy to harden during thermal processing, so appropriate preheating and annealing are required.

Detection Systems

Copper Silica Sol Investment Casting