Classification and application analysis of powder metallurgy materials

Nov 16, 2022

With the development of our socialist economy, the metallurgy industry has made great progress to some extent. The types of metallurgical materials are also becoming more and more diverse. At present, powder metallurgy materials are the most common, powder metallurgy materials are mainly composed of hard alloy, powder metallurgy structural materials and a series of materials. This paper mainly focuses on the specific classification of powder metallurgy materials for in-depth research and analysis, and its application for comprehensive analysis and exploration.

Powder metallurgy materials; Classification; application

1. Preface

Usually the powder metallurgy materials, mainly refers to a few metal powder or non-metal powder as the raw material, through the batching, pressing and sintering process eventually formed material is powder metallurgy materials. And this method of making powder metallurgy materials is powder metallurgy. The most unique place of this method is that it is different from the general smelting and casting, and the production process of ceramics has similarities and differences. Powder metallurgy this method can not only make some materials with special properties, but also this method in the process of making almost no chips. Therefore, this method has high efficiency, and the utilization rate of raw materials is relatively high, so this method is widely used in the major metallurgical industry.

2, the main classification of powder metallurgy materials

2.1 Traditional powder metallurgy materials

2.1.1 Iron based powder metallurgy materials

This material is the most traditional and the most important powder metallurgy material. Iron based powder metallurgy materials are the most widely used in automobile manufacturing industry. With the continuous development of modernization and the continuous expansion of automobile production field, the role of iron based powder metallurgy materials is becoming more and more important. The demand for iron - based powder metallurgy materials in automobile manufacturing market is also becoming more and more large. In addition, other industries also have a great demand for iron based powder metallurgy materials.

2.1.2 Copper based powder metallurgy materials

Sintered copper based parts are relatively resistant to corrosion, and the surface of such parts is relatively smooth and free of magnetic interference. Copper based powder metallurgy materials mainly consist of sintered bronze material, sintered brass material and sintered copper-nickel alloy material, the rest also includes a small amount of dispersive reinforced copper and so on. Copper based powder is mainly used in the manufacturing of mechanical parts and electrical devices. Copper based powder metallurgy materials can also play a corresponding role in brushes, filters and catalysts.

2.1.3 Refractory metal materials

This material mainly refers to the refractory metal and alloy composite form of materials, this material has a relatively high melting point, so its hardness and strength is relatively high. Refractory metal materials are mainly used in national defense fields, aerospace fields, energy and nuclear research fields and so on.

2.1.4 Hard alloy materials

This material is a kind of hard material formed by carbonization of one or more refractory metals. This material is mainly bonded by metal binder, and then made by powder metallurgy technology. This material is mainly used in the field of cutting, because it has strong hardness and strength, and has a high melting point, so it is widely used in various industrial cutting fields.

2.1.5 Powder metallurgy electrical materials

This material is mainly used in the field of electrical and instrument, the most important is in a variety of breaking and switching circuits in the electrical contact elements, and powder metallurgy electrical materials are also used in resistance welding electrodes. With the extensive development of Chinese radio technology, more and more resistance devices are produced, among which refractory compounds are widely used. In the field of vacuum technology, the power tube is the most frequently used, so powder metallurgy electrical materials also play an important role in the cathode and electric heating element of the power tube.

2.1.6 Friction materials

This material has a strong friction and wear property, mainly used in the production of friction clutch and friction brake friction part. This material is mainly to make full use of its friction and wear characteristics, widely used in the production field of friction clutch and friction brake, so that it can effectively realize the transmission of component power and block the line, and can effectively realize the timely deceleration and stop of moving objects and so on. Friction material is an indispensable material for the production of friction clutch and friction brake, and the friction clutch and friction brake are an indispensable part of torque transmission.

2.1.7 Anti-friction materials

This material usually has a relatively low friction coefficient and relatively high wear resistance. Anti-friction materials can be made of metal or non-metal materials. The antifriction material is mainly composed of high strength metal matrix and lubricant with antifriction effect. Because the powder metallurgy method can control and adjust the matrix and antifriction composition of the material to a large extent, this material has relatively good self-lubrication performance, so antifriction materials have been widely used in the field of casting metal or plastic antifriction materials.

2.2 Modern advanced powder metallurgy materials

2.2.1 Powder metallurgy materials in the information industry

This material mainly refers to soft magnetic materials, soft magnetic materials can be divided into metal soft magnetic materials and soft magnetic materials of oxygen. And the YIC soft magnetic material appeared earlier than the metal soft magnetic material, the characteristics of YIC soft magnetic material can only be obtained by powder metallurgy sintering method. In the process of sintering, soft magnetic materials are widely used in various magnetic industries because of their relatively high permeability and strong saturation magnetization.

2.2.2 Powder metallurgy materials in the field of energy

The so-called energy materials mainly refer to the materials that can effectively promote the establishment and development of new energy in the process of development. This kind of energy material can meet all kinds of demands of new energy. New energy materials are not only an important core part of the development of new energy industry, but also an important prerequisite for the development of new energy materials. At present, the main development directions of new energy materials are batteries, hydrogen energy and solar energy. Therefore, the application of energy materials in the field of energy development has become more and more extensive.

2.2.3 Powder metallurgy materials in the biological field

The field of biological research has made great progress, and the field of biological research has made great breakthroughs. The role of biological research for our industrial structure and social and economic development is also becoming more and more important, therefore, the country has also increased efforts for the development of the field of biological research. Especially for biological materials in the field of biology. Biomaterials also play an important role in the field of medical research. The emergence of biomaterials can effectively improve the quality of people's lives and health conditions.

3. Application research of powder metallurgy materials

3.1 Application to mechanical alloys

Mechanical alloy is mainly through powder metallurgy technology for high performance high energy ball milling technology. The main principle is that under the premise of high energy ball milling, through the deformation and fracture characteristics of the metal powder mixture, the distance between the metal powder atoms is gradually adjusted, and finally the alloy powder is formed. Mechanical alloy is mainly in the solid state of solid-state reaction, so as to achieve alloying, this alloy will not be affected by the material steam pressure and melting point and other factors, so that some substances can be effectively alloyed.

3.2 Application of drying spray

Drying spray mainly means that the raw material liquid with a certain concentration is changed into a form of spray droplets through the atomizer, and then the droplets can be dried quickly through contact with hot air, so that the production process of powder granule can be effectively obtained. Under normal circumstances, the drying spray to go through four stages, namely the material liquid atomization, heat drying, evaporation drying and separation four stages. In the process of making powder, the shape can be specified according to the corresponding needs.

4. Closing Remarks

With the continuous development of science and technology, P/M materials and technology have also had a constant development, which can effectively promote the rapid development of the new technology industry of our country. The development of P/M technology has also played an important role in promoting Chinese automotive manufacturing and national defense industry. Therefore, only continuous scientific innovation and improvement of Chinese P/M technology and materials, and continuous improvement of the precision of the production process can effectively promote the development of Chinese P/M technology